▶Book Description
Computer vision allows machines to gain human-level understanding to visualize, process, and analyze images and videos. This book focuses on using TensorFlow to help you learn advanced computer vision tasks such as image acquisition, processing, and analysis. You'll start with the key principles of computer vision and deep learning to build a solid foundation, before covering neural network architectures and understanding how they work rather than using them as a black box. Next, you'll explore architectures such as VGG, ResNet, Inception, R-CNN, SSD, YOLO, and MobileNet. As you advance, you'll learn to use visual search methods using transfer learning. You'll also cover advanced computer vision concepts such as semantic segmentation, image inpainting with GAN's, object tracking, video segmentation, and action recognition. Later, the book focuses on how machine learning and deep learning concepts can be used to perform tasks such as edge detection and face recognition. You'll then discover how to develop powerful neural network models on your PC and on various cloud platforms. Finally, you'll learn to perform model optimization methods to deploy models on edge devices for real-time inference. By the end of this book, you'll have a solid understanding of computer vision and be able to confidently develop models to automate tasks.
▶What You Will Learn
- Explore methods of feature extraction and image retrieval and visualize different layers of the neural network model
- Use TensorFlow for various visual search methods for real-world scenarios
- Build neural networks or adjust parameters to optimize the performance of models
- Understand TensorFlow DeepLab to perform semantic segmentation on images and DCGAN for image inpainting
- Evaluate your model and optimize and integrate it into your application to operate at scale
- Get up to speed with techniques for performing manual and automated image annotation
▶Key Features
- Gain a fundamental understanding of advanced computer vision and neural network models in use today
- Cover tasks such as low-level vision, image classification, and object detection
- Develop deep learning models on cloud platforms and optimize them using TensorFlow Lite and the OpenVINO toolkit
▶Who This Book Is For
This book is for computer vision professionals, image processing professionals, machine learning engineers and AI developers who have some knowledge of machine learning and deep learning and want to build expert-level computer vision applications. In addition to familiarity with TensorFlow, Python knowledge will be required to get started with this book.
▶What this book covers
- Chapter 1, Computer Vision and TensorFlow Fundamentals, discusses the foundational concepts of computer vision and TensorFlow to prepare you for the later, more advanced chapters of this book. We will look at how to perform image hashing and filtering. Then, we will learn about various methods of feature extraction and image retrieval. Moving on, we will learn about contour-based object detection, histogram of oriented gradients and various feature matching methods. Then, we will look at an overview of the high-level TensorFlow software and its different components and subsystems. The chapter provides many hands-on coding exercises for object detection, image filtering and feature matching.
- Chapter 2, Content Recognition Using Local Binary Patterns, discusses local binary feature descriptor and the histogram for the classification of textured and non-textured images. You will learn to tune local binary pattern (LBP) parameters and calculate histogram difference between LBPs to match identical pattern between images. The chapter provides two coding exercises – one for matching flooring patterns and the other for matching face color with foundation color.
- Chapter 3, Facial Detection Using OpenCV and CNNs, starts with Viola-Jones face- and keyfeature detection and move on to the advanced concept of the neural-network-based facial key points detection and facial expressions recognition. The chapter will end by looking at the advanced concept of 3D face detection. The chapter provides two coding exercise one for OpenCV based face detection in webcam and the other one is a CNN based end to end pipeline for facial key point detection. The end to end neural network pipeline consists of facial image collection by cropping face images from webcam, annotating key points in face image, data ingestion into a CNN, building a CNN model, training and finally evaluating the trained model of key points against face images.
- Chapter 4, Deep Learning on Images, delves into how edge detection is used to create convolution operations over volume and how different convolution parameters such as filter size, dimensions, and operation type affect the convolution volume. This chapter will give you a very detailed overview of how a neural network sees an image and how it uses that visualization to classify images. The chapter provides a TensorFlow Keras based coding exercise to construct a neural network and visualize an image as it goes through its different layers. You will then compare the network model's accuracy and visualization to an advanced network such as VGG 16 or Inception.
- Chapter 5, Neural Network Architecture and Models, explores different neural network architectures and models. This will give you an understanding of how the concepts learned in the first and fourth chapters are applied in various scenarios by changing the parameters for the convolution, pooling, activation, fully connected, and softmax layers. Hopefully, with these exercises, you will develop an understanding of a range of neural network models, which will give you a solid foundation as a computer vision engineer.
- Chapter 6, Visual Search Using Transfer Learning, is where you are going to use TensorFlow to input data into models and develop visual search methods for real-life situations. You will learn how to input images and their categories into the TensorFlow model using the Keras data generator and TensorFlow tf.data API and then cut a portion of pretrained model and add your own model content at the end to develop your own classifier. The idea behind these exercises is to learn how to code in TensorFlow for the neural network models you learned about in the fourth and fifth chapters.
- Chapter 7, Object Detection Using YOLO, introducing two single-stage, fast object detection methods—You Only Look Once (YOLO) and RetinaNet. In this chapter, you will learn about different YOLO models, finding out how to change their configuration parameters and make inferences with them. You will also learn how to process your own images to train a custom YOLO v3 model using Darknet.
- Chapter 8, Semantic Segmentation and Neural Style Transfer, discusses how deep neural network is used to segment images into spatial regions, thereby producing artificial images and transferring styles from one image to another. We will perform hands on exercise for semantic segmentation using TensorFlow DeepLab and write TensorFlow codes for neural style transfer in Google Colab. We will also generate artificial images using DCGAN and perform image inpainting using OpenCV.
- Chapter 9, Action Recognition Using Multitask Deep Learning, explains how to develop multitask neural network models for the recognition of actions, such as the movement of a hand, mouth, head, or leg, to detect the type of action using a vision-based system. This will then be supplemented with a deep neural network model using cell phone accelerometer data to validate the action.
- Chapter 10, Object Detection Using R-CNN, SSD, and R-FCN, marks the beginning of an end-to-end (E2E) object detection framework by developing a solid foundation of data ingestion and training pipeline followed by model development. Here, you will gain a deep insight into the various object detection models, such as R-CNN, single-shot detector (SSD), region-based fully convolutional networks (R-FCNs), and Mask R-CNN, and perform hands-on exercises using Google Cloud and Google Colab notebooks. We will also carry out a detailed exercise on how to train your own custom image to develop an object detection model using a TensorFlow object detection API. We will end the chapter with a deep overview of various object tracking methods and a hands-on exercise using Google Colab notebooks.
- Chapter 11, Deep Learning on Edge Devices with CPU/GPU Optimization, discusses how to take the generated model and deploy it on edge devices and production systems. This will result in a complete end-to-end TensorFlow object detection model implementation. In particular, TensorFlow models have been developed, converted, and optimized using the TensorFlow Lite and Intel Open Visual Inference and Neural Network Optimization (VINO) architectures and deployed to Raspberry Pi, Android, and iPhone. Although this chapter focuses mainly on object detection on Raspberry Pi, Android, and iPhone, the approach discussed can be extended to image classification, style transfer, and action recognition for any edge devices under consideration.
- Chapter 12, Cloud Computing Platform for Computer Vision, discusses how to package your application for training and deployment in Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Amazon Web Services (AWS), and the Microsoft Azure cloud platform. You will learn how to prepare your data, upload to cloud data storage, and begin to monitor the training. You will also learn how to send an image or an image vector to the cloud platform for analysis and get a JSON response back. This chapter discusses a single application as well as running distributed TensorFlow on the compute engine. After training is complete, this chapter will discuss how to evaluate your model and integrate it into your application to operate at scale.
